Video: The Story of My Father (I) 視頻：我的父親（第一集）
Hello, everyone, my name is Jennifer Zeng.
中文：大家好，我叫曾錚。
From today on, I'd like to share with you the story of my father.
從今天起，我將和大家分享我父親的故事。
But before I share the story of my father, let me first of all talk about why I think it is important to share with you the story of my father: because my father's story is something that you cannot hear from anywhere else. It can offer you a real window, a rare window to look through the facade that the official propaganda wants to create for you to see.
在分享父親的故事之前，我想先談談為什麼我認為和大家分享父親的故事很重要：因為我父親的故事是您在其他地方聽不到的。它可以為您提供一扇真正的窗戶，一扇難得的窗戶，讓您看穿中共官方的宣傳所營造的表面假象。
Through my father's story, you will see a real China, a truer China, and what the real situation of the Chinese Society is under the rule of the Chinese Communist Party.
通過我父親的故事，您會看到一個真正的、更加真實的中國，以及中共統治下，中國社會的真實狀況。
And why should we care about learning the true situation of China? Why does China matter?
我們為什麼需要關心了解中國的真實情況呢？為什麼了解中國很重要呢？
And here is what I think. With China's economy having become the second-largest one in the world, with China's continuous expansion of its power throughout the world, and with its influence and infiltration operations in many, many countries, it is important not only for the lawmakers, policymakers, researchers, China experts to learn more about China, but also important for ordinary citizens to have a better understanding of how life could be for an ordinary Chinese citizen in a totally different society.
我是這樣看的。當中國經濟已成為世界第二大經濟體，當中共在全世界不斷擴張其勢力範圍，當中共在很多很多國家加大浸透和影響力力度之時，對於各國立法者、決策者、研究人員、中國專家來說，更多地了解中國的情況當然很重要；對於普通公民來說，更好地了解生活在一個完全不同的社會裡的普通中國公民的真實情況，也很重要。
For the very least, every one of us has bought something made in China, right?
最起碼，我們每個人都買過中國貨吧？
And, in recent years, socialism seems to have become more and more attractive for many people, especially young people in the West. These people have never had the experiences of living in a socialist, or communalist society, but somehow are attracted by the vision of it.
而且，近年來，社會主義似乎對很多人，尤其是西方的年輕人越來越有吸引力。這些人從來沒有在社會主義國家，或共產主義社會中生活過，但是不知為何卻被社會主義的所謂「願景」所吸引。
So I hope that my father's story can offer some real-life experiences of living in a socialist society, learned with many people's lives, blood, and sufferings. I hope that through my father's story, everyone can learn something that can benefit them.
所以我希望我父親的故事能夠給大家展現社會主義社會中的真實生活經歷和體驗，而這些是用很多人的生命、鮮血和苦難換來的。 也因此，我希望通過我父親的故事，每個人都能學到一些東西，都能受益。
Shall we treat China, or rather, the Chinese Communist Party, as a friend, a partner, a competitor, a rival, or an enemy?
我們應該把中國，或者說把中共，當作朋友、夥伴、競爭對手、對手，還是敵人？
Here I won't say anything about what I think. But I hope that after listening to my father's story, you will be able to reach your own conclusion, and better, informed one.
在此我不說我的看法，但我希望大家聽完我父親的故事後，能夠得出自己的結論，而且是更好的、更有事實依據的結論。
Okay, that's all. Now Let me start to share the story of my father.
好了，就先說到這裡。現在讓我開始講我父親的故事。
My father was born into an ordinary peasant family in Chaozhong Village. I'm pretty much sure you'll have never heard of this name, but that doesn't matter. Anyway, this Chaozhong village is in Sichuan province. And he was born in 1933, 16 years before the Communist Party took power in China.
我的父親出生在一個叫朝中鄉的地方的普通的農民家庭中。我敢肯定，你肯定沒聽過「朝中」這個名字，但這不重要。反正這個朝中鄉是在四川省。他是1933年出生的，也即中共奪取執政之前16年。
I heard that my grandmother had given birth to 12 children, but only 9 of them survived. And my father was the second eldest son in the family and had a lot of brothers and sisters, younger ones to look after. So from a very young age, he was very naturally expected to share the responsibilities of supporting the family.
聽說我奶奶生了12個孩子，但只有9個活了下來。我父親排行老二，下面有一大堆弟弟、妹妹，他自然從小就有了幫忙養家的責任。
I actually didn't have a chance to visit my father's village when I was already in high school, that was the 1980s.
事實上，我一直到上高中的時候，才有機會加到父親出生的村子裡去看看，那是上世紀八十年代的事情。
So when I went back to the village of my father, several of my uncles were still living there. And they lived in very old houses that they inherited from our ancestors, and those houses were made of mud, mud walls with literally no furniture inside it, and no electricity.
當我回到父親老家的村子時，我的幾個叔叔還生活在那裡。幾位叔叔仍生活在祖輩留下的土墻屋中，那些房子都是用泥巴做的，泥巴牆，裡面根本沒什麼家具，也沒有電。
So in the night, people had to rely on the very dim kerosene lamps, to-maybe if they want to go somewhere-they hold a lamp in their hands to light the road for them.
所以在夜晚，人們不得不依靠非常昏暗的煤油燈照明，如果他們想哪裏，就只能拿著一盞煤油燈來勉強照亮道路。
So for me, when I look at that kind of condition, I thought, Oh, my God, this should be called absolute poverty.
當我看到那種狀況時，忍不住在心裏驚呼：「天哪，這簡直就是『赤貧』！」
And so I didn't understand why my father's "Social Class Category", should be labeled as "Small Land Lessor".
所以我就不明白，為什麼我父親的「家庭成分」，居然被劃分成「小土地出租」。
Literally this "Small Land Lessor" means my father's family had a very small area of land, but they hired others, or they leased their land for others to farm.
從字面上看，「小土地出租」的意思是說，我父親家的土地面積很小，但是他們僱傭了別人來幫他們種地，或者把自己的土地租給別人耕種。
I'm not quite sure whether anybody has heard about the terms "Social Class Category". I'm not sure whether it's a correct translation of it. The Chinese is "成分", or "階級成分". This is a very special thing, I think, in China. Let me talk a little bit about it.
我不太清楚是否有人聽說過「成分」這個名詞。我不知道它的英文翻譯對不對。中文是 「成分」，或「階級成分」。「成分」這東西是中共國特有的，所以我得先解釋一下。
In 1949, when the Chinese Communist Party took power in China, the first thing they did, is to give everybody in the society a "Social Class Category". You have to belong to some "social class", and everybody was treated differently, according to what kind of "Social Class Category" you belonged to.
1949年，中國共產黨在中國奪取了政權，他們做的第一件事，就是給社會上的每個人都劃分一個 「階級成分」。也就是說，你必須先有一個「成分」，然後再根據每個人不同的「成分」，來決定每個人能獲得的待遇。
For example, in the countryside, they labeled different people to different "Social Class Category" according to basically to how much land they owed before the Chinese Communist Party, the CCP came to power. So from top to bottom, there were "landlords" who own a lot of lands, and then "rich peasants", who may owe less land, but were still very rich, and then "middle-class peasants", and then "lower-middle-class peasants" and then "poor peasants".
比如說，在農村，他們來不同的人劃分爲不同的「成分」，依據是中共上臺前，你擁有多少土地。所以從上到下，有擁有很多土地的是「地主」，然後是「富農」，他們的地可能比「地主」少些，但還是很有錢，然後是「中農」，然後是「貧下中農」，然後是「貧農」。
So according to how much land, and how rich or how poor you were, you were classified into a different category and treated very differently because of your social class category.
所以根據土地的多少，以及你的貧富程度，你被劃入不同的「成分」，待遇也大不相同。
Of course, that was before the CCP came into power. After the CCP came into power, they actually confiscated all the land from everybody. So they took away all the land from the private owners and, and the state, actually, in theory, the state or the government, or everybody together, collectively owned all the land in the country.
當然，上面說的土地擁有量是在中共上台之前。中共上台以後，他們實際上把所有人的土地都沒收了，把所有的土地都從個人擁有者那裡拿走了，然後，從理論上說，國家或者是政府，或者是全體民衆，大家共同擁有全國所有的土地。
So my father's "Social Class Category" is a very special one. It's not usually known by others. It's called "Small Land Lessor". It may be somewhere between the "rich peasants" and "middle-class peasants".
所以我父親的「成分」是一個很特殊的類別。一般人可能沒聽說過。它叫「小土地出租」，可能介於 「富農」和 「中農 」之間。
And in the city, they also gave everyone a different social category, like capitalists, workers, proletariats. Also, according to your social status, whether you own a factory, you own a shop in the city, or how much money you have, or you only work for others.
而在城市裡，他們也給每個人劃分了不同的「成分」，比如資本家、工人、無產者等等。
And, again, depending on what kind of social category you belonged to, you would be treated very differently after the CCP came into power, not only you, but also your children, and children's children.
同時，根據你的社會地位，你是開工廠的，還是在城市裡開店的，或者你有多少錢，或者你只給別人打工，等等，同樣是根據你屬於什麼樣的「成分」，中共上台後，你的待遇會很不一樣，不僅是你，還有你的孩子，你的孩子的孩子。
So anyway, I learned the term "Small Land Lessor" when I was six years old, when I enrolled in primary school.
話說回來，我在六歲時，也就是我上小學的時候，就知道了「小土地出租」這個詞。
And again, there's something I have to introduce to everyone. That is called "personal archives".
說到這裏，又必須再給大家介紹另一個東西，那就是所謂的 「個人檔案」。
Back in China, when I went to school-I'm not quite sure about this situation now-anyway, in those days, a personal archive for everybody was set up as soon as you enrolled in primary school. So there's a form for you to fill in. Of course, your name, your father's and mother's name, and very importantly, which "Social Class Category" your father and your mother belonged to.
在中共國，我上學的時候——現在是否還這樣不太清楚——總之，那個時候，你一上小學，就要給你建一個個人檔案。會有一張表格讓你填。當然，你的名字，你父親和母親的名字，還有非常重要的，你父親和母親的「成分」，都要填進去。
And that's when and why I learned the term "Small Land Lessor", because a grade one student of primary school, I didn't understand how to fill in, or what my father's social category was. So I asked my mother, of course.
而我就是在這個時候，知道「小土地出租」這個詞，因為當時，我還是一個小學一年級學生，不明白怎麼填，也不知道父親的「成分」是什麼，於是我就問我母親。
My mother told me, "your father's social status was, or social class category, was 'Small Land Lessor'".
母親告訴我，「你父親的成分是『小土地出租』」。
When talking about my father's social class category, my mother said this, "It was very unfair. There were so many brothers and sisters in your father's family overall. They didn't own much land. If it were calculated based on the average land area per person, your father's family should have been categorized as "middle peasants" at most, only because they have hired people to help to farm the land, they were categorized as a Small Land Lessor', which was unfairly high!"
談到我父親的成分時，我母親這樣說：「這很不公平。你父親家有那麼多兄弟姐妹。他們擁有的土地不多。如果按照平均每人的土地面積計算，你父親家最多應該歸為『中農』，只是因為他們僱了人幫忙耕地，就給劃成『小土地出租』了，這太不公平了，劃高了！」
Why was it so terrible if you belong to the higher social class category? Because if you hire other people to work for you, you belong to the class that exploited the working class. And then, again, in a socialist country, it is a crime. So you are the exploiting kind of social class.
為什麼「成分高」會這麼可怕？因為如果你僱傭別人給你幹活，你就屬於剝削階層。在社會主義國家，這又是一種犯罪，因爲你是剝削階級的。
So if you hire any people to work for you, whether you're in a city or in the countryside, that is a crime, according to a Marxism theory.
所以如果你僱傭任何一個人給你幹活，不管你是在城市還是在農村，按照馬克思主義的理論，那就是犯罪。
So that's why my mother was very angry because my father was categorized as a "small land lessor".
這也是為什麼母親會因為父親被劃成「小土地出租」而非常生氣的原因。
Although I didn't fully understand my mother's explanation, I somehow already knew that it was a terrible thing if you were ranked "high" in the social category.
雖然我當時並不完全理解母親給我做的說明，但不知怎的，我已經知道，「成分高」是件很可怕的事。
At that time the grandfather of a girl in our class was a landlord and the entire class looked down upon that girl.
當時我們班一個女孩的爺爺是個地主，全班同學都看不起那個女孩。
I remember once I went to that girl's home to do something. And unintentionally, I suddenly saw an old man sitting in a corner quietly, and I still remember him wearing a black cotton-padded coat. And then suddenly I realized this must be her landlord grandfather.
記得有一次，我去那個女孩家里辦點事。無意中，我突然看到一個老人靜靜地坐在角落裡，我還記得他穿著一身黑棉襖。然後我突然意識到這一定是她的地主爺爺。
And immediately I felt struck with fear because, in our education, a landlord is something as bad as a monster.
我立刻就感到了恐懼，因為在我們的教育中，地主是像魔鬼一樣可怕而不好的東西。
So I really felt like I had just seen a monster. So I hurriedly made up an excuse and escaped from her home as fast as I could.
所以我真的覺得自己剛剛看到了一個魔鬼。我趕快找了個藉口，以最快的速度逃離了她家。
Anyway, this is just to give you a little bit of sense of how "social class category" is affecting everybody in China, and also let me come back to talk a little bit about the personal archive I talked about a little bit earlier.
總之，這只是為了讓大家了解一下「階級成分」對中國每個人的影響，下面再回頭來談我剛才說的個人檔案的問題。
Basically, as soon as the personal archive was set up for you, everything about you was recorded in that archive, including how all your scores in the school, your exam scores, and all the comments your teacher made about you, and all your family's situation and all the good and bad things about you.
總的來說，只要給你建立了個人檔案，你的一切都將被記錄在這個檔案裡，包括你在學校裡的所有分數，你的考試成績，還有你的老師給你的評語，你的家庭情況，所有的關於你的好的和壞的的東西。
And whenever you go, if you were transferred to another school, or, you go to a middle school or the university, these personal archives always follow you.
無論你走到哪裡，如果你轉到別的學校，或者，你考上了中學或者大學，這些個人檔案總是跟著你。
The strange thing is, everybody has a personal archive with everything about this person recorded in the archive, but nobody is allowed to have a read of the archive himself. Only the party members, or the head or the leaders of your workplace or your school had the right to read it.
奇怪的是，每個人都有個人檔案，檔案裡記錄著這個人的一切，但是誰也不准看自己的檔案。只有你工作單位的黨員幹部，或者是你工作單位的領導，或者是你學校的領導才有權看。
Today we all heard about this "social credit" score the Communist Party is giving, is trying to establish or is trying to give everybody.
現在我們都聽說過中共的「社會信用 」系統分，也就是中共正在努力建立的，或者說正在努力給大家「打分」。
Actually, this is not a new idea, this personal archives, only at that time, we didn't have a computer, we didn't have so many cameras set up in the society, but everything about you was recorded on paper and with paper and ink and stored in the paper envelopes anyway. So the idea is the same. Only today, it became electronic personal archives. So, at that time, we already had a paper personal archive anyway.
其實這個並不是新的想法，前面說到的個人檔案，只是那時還沒有電腦，社會上還沒有那麼多的監視攝像頭，但是你的一切都記錄在紙上，用紙和墨水記錄下來，存在紙質的信封裡。所以思路是一樣的。只是今天，它變成了電子的個人檔案。那個時候，我們已經有了紙質的個人檔案。
Fortunately enough, for my mother's side, the social class category was "Poor People in the City", which was part of the “proletariat”, and actually, my mother's foster father was once a capitalist who owned a shop in the county. Actually, my father came to know my mother when he worked in that shop as an apprentice.
幸運的是，我母親那邊的「階級成分」是 「城市貧民」，這屬於 「無產階級」，實際上，我母親的養父是在縣城開店的資本家。我父親就是在那家商店里當學徒工時認識我母親的。
But later on, my mother's foster father became addicted to opium. As a result, he spent all his wealth. So when this CCP took power in 1949 and gave everyone a social class category, he was therefore classified as "poor people in the city".
但後來，我母親的養父吸鴉片上癮，把家產都敗光了。當1949年中共上臺，給每個人都劃分「階級成分」的時候，他就被劃為 「城市貧民」。
Why it is so important to become part of the proletarian in China? Because according to a socialism category, the proletarian class is the class that the Party is relying on to rule the country. They are the best, they are the ones to rely upon to liberate the whole world.
為什麼在中共國，成為無產階級的一員這麼重要？因為按照社會主義的理論，無產階級是黨所依靠的階級。他們是最優秀的，是要靠他們來解放全世界的。
So anyway, that's the social class category and the personal archive, we already had as soon as the CCP took power. So everybody in the society belongs to some special social class, and everybody is tightly controlled through your personal archive, and through whichever social class category you belonged to.
總之，這就是中共國的「階級成分」和個人檔案，中共一上台時就有了。社會上每個人都有一個「階級成分」、一個個人檔案，通過這些，黨牢牢地掌控著你。
So that's all for today. I'll talk more about my father's story next time. See you. Bye!
好，今天就先講到這裡。下次我再繼續講我父親的故事。 再見！
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